Radiator



L. COU RTOT April l, 1930.

RADIATOR Filed Sept, 8

INVENTOR Lou's Cour tot @Meu/L L .M

T .In

,ewa ATTORNEY Patented- Apr. 1, 1930 UNITED STATES LOUIS COURTOT, 0FPARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR TO AMERICAN RADIATOR COMPANY,

PATENT OFFICE- OF NEW YORK, Y., A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY RADIATORApplication led September 8, 1926, Serial No. 134,157, and in FranceSeptember 11, 1925.

The present invention relates to improvements in steam or hot waterradiators wherein the upper and lower collecting `chambers consist ofcastiron or other metal and are connected together by tubes of wroughtiron, steel or other metal. My said, improvements have for their objectto obtain a high calorific eh'iciency for silch'radiators,wvl1ileemploying apparatus of small size and an inexpensive construction, theeiiiciency being obtained by affording a ready circulation of airbetween the collecting chambers such as cannot be had withthe knownradiators of this type in a small-sized apparatus. y

For this purpose, the tubes are fitted upon bosses which are cast in onewith the headers instead of being inserted into apertures in t-he wallsof the headers; in this manner I may give to the headers a width whichis about equal to the outer diameter of the tubes, so that it will befeasible to provide between two consecutive ycollectingchambers asufficient space for the free circulation of air while' maintaining thegeneral size of the radiator within restricted limits.

The tubes may have any suitable construction, and may be made-withoutwelding, or may be weldedor attached by bending in any suitable manner.

According to an approved construction of the apparatus, I may employtubes consisting of two concave members or shells having a semicircularor like cross-section, and comprising longitudinal Hanges which serve tounite the said shells by soldering or bending, thus forming two ribsupon each tube; the radiating surface isincreased by these ribs, and itmay be further increased by the use of headers which have a corrugatedinstead of aflat surface.

The appended drawings show by way of example a constructional form ofapparatus according to the invention, as concerns a radiator having sixtubes for each element.

Fig. l is a .partial elevation of a portion ofa radiator comprising twoelements whereof one is shown in vertical section and the other inelevation. Y Fig. 2 shows one-half of a side elevation of an element, onthe lines A-A and B-B ofl Fig. 2, respectively.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section of a tube whose edges are folded tosecure thesame together.

' Figure 6` is a detail sectional View ofa modified form of connectionbetween the tubes and a header.

The said elements comprise an upper hollow cast `metal header l, and asimilar lower header 2 which are provided with the cou'- pling parts orbosses 3 adapted to be connected together by rings or nipples (notshown) or by like means, for example vby sol-y dered or welded joints.

' Each header is provided with a plurality of apertured bosses 4: forthe tight reception of tubes 5 of iron, steel or other metal, each tubeconsisting of two half-tubes or shells 5a of semicircular section (Fig.3) provided with the longitudinal flanges 6. The two shells 5EL areplaced together and are united by the autogenous welding, optionallyelectric, of the said flanges. i Y

The two shells 5a may consist of stamped metal plate, and thisconstruction of said tubes 5 is not only inexpensive, but also serves toincrease their radiating surface due to tht` fact that the flanges 6form ribs which furtherincrease the rigidity of the tubes.

The bosses 4 are fitted by pressure or 'by like means into the ends ofthe tubes 5 which latter are preferably first heated. To assure a moresubstantial construction, I may provide the end of each boss 4- where itjoins the header with a slightly constricted part forming an annularrecess to receive theocrresponding end of the tube when cooled, as shownat 4a in Fig. 2, whereby to unite the upper ends of the tubes to theheader 'l in fluid-tight relation (Figs. 1 and 2). For like purposes, Imay form on each boss a notch into which the corresponding end oit' eachtube may be engaged by striking-the outside of the tube, or by likemeans.

The radiating surface can' be further increased by providing one or moreof the wall portions or surfaces of the headers with corrugations 7corresponding for instance to the bosses 4. The said corrugations may beprovided in any suitable number, and may be of any shape.

Fluidtight `connections between the tubes 5 and the bosses 4 are assuredby suitable means, either by the direct contact between the tube and theboss which latter may be partly cylindrical and partly tapered orentirely cylindrical or may carry projections in relief whereby thejoint with the tube is made tight,or by the interposition of a suitablepacking substa1ice,-or by soldering or Welding, or by like` means.

I preferably employ for the fitting of the tubesupon the collectingchambers, an arrangement which will hold the said tubes for the whole0.1` a part of their length in the p ositionwhich they are to` occupy,so as to avoid bending them under the pressure,v

Obyiously, the said tubes 5 may be united to the coupling parts in anyother manner, andin particular, the ends of the tubes may beprolvidedwith internally-threaded annular reinforcing members 8 whereby `the endsof said tubes` may be screwed upon the bosses 4 which should becorrespondingly threaded for the purpose.

Furthermore, the. ends of the tube may be strengthened by means of aring adapted to support the stresses due; to the assembling operation.In Figs. 1 and 2, the lower end of each tube is, shown, by Way ofexample, as strengthened by a ring 8 which` is secured in a luidtjghtmanner tothe inner wall of the tube by soldering or welding, and which`is .fitted in a iuidtight manner upon the boss 4preferably by theshrinking process.

Fig. 5 shows a modification wherein the tube GQXLSiSts 0f twoshells 5made of pressed metal plate and having a semcircular crosssection, withthe side flanges, 6.; said shells are; RS Sembledrby folding oroverturning the` flanges of; one` shell: upon those of the other.

The cross-se`ction of the tubes may be circulanon may have; other`shapes; the ends of the tubes which are mounted on the bosses 4 of theheaders. may have a circular crosssection like` the bosses, andirrespectively of the cross-section of the rest of the tube; orotherwise, these ends, as alsov the bosses, may have the same shape asthe tubeshould the latter not have aicircualr cross-section.

Should the saidtubes be made in one piece, they may be provided withexternalribs or corrugations of any shape Vfor increasingtlie radiatingsurface.`

Any suitable number of tubes per radiator element may be employed.

`The method of mounting the saidtubes on the headers will permit (Fig.l) of giving the saidheaders a width about: equal to the diameter ofthetubes 5., thus allowing'` between anytvvo successive collecting chambersa space for: air circulationwhich is about the same as'the space betweenthe tubes as provided in the known cast iron radiators, this beingimportant as concerns the thermic efficiency of the apparatus.

By reason of the difficulty in manufacturing long tubes by the` castingprocess, the height which can be given to the known radiators `whollyconstructed of cast metal is limited, but by reason of my saidimprovements I can readily'construct apparatus of a great height whichhas a high thermic efliciency.

In addition to the above-mentioned advantages, my said radiators havingheaders of cast iron or other metaland tubes of Wrought iron,'steel orother metal will have the further Yadvantage in that they are lighterand occupy less space than the radiators consisting entirely of castmetal as compared with certain types of radiator in whichthe headersconsist of meta-l plate. Further, my construction possesses anadditional advantage in that;

it is not subject to rusting at the upper part by the action of moistair which sometimes collects therein` Obviously, the said` inventionrelates tothe construction of radiators of` all types, irre-` spectivelyof the number and the arrangement of the tubes, the disposition of thecollecting chambers, and the like, for instance relative `to, the`arrangement in separate groups, inflat form, in cylindrical form, orlike construction.`

I may utilize, among others, tubes which are obtained by the electrolytcprocess,

Having thus described my apparatus, what I claim as new therein, and myown invention, is:

l. A radiator comprising a hollowl header, a series of tubular bosses`extending therefrom, relatively thin tubes associated with saidi tubularbosses, and tubular reinforcing means. secured to the4 ends of said;tubes, iii@` ted upon said tubular bosses, substantially as, specified.

2.` A radiator comprising a hollow header, a. Series of tubular bossesextending therefrom, relatively thin` tubesassociated with. said tubularbosses, and tubular reinforcing members secured within said tubes anden# gaging said tubular bosses, substantially as specified'.

3. A radiator comprising a hollow header, a series of tapering tubularbosses extending therefrom, relatively thin tubes asso ciated with saidtapering bosses, and tubular reinforcing members `secured Within theends of said tubes, said reinforcing members each having the aperturetherein conforming to` the` tapering wall por-tion of its respectiveboss, substantially as specified.

4. A radiator comprising upper and lowery hollow headers, a series ofstubular' bosses ex.- tending therefrom, relatively thin tubesassociated` with: said tubular bosses, and tubular reinforcing memberssecured to the ends of said tubes Vand adapted to frictionally engagewith the bosses on said headers, substantially as specified.

5. A radiator comprising upper and lower hollow headers, a series oftubular bosses eX- tending therefrom, relatively thin tubes assooiatedwith said bosses, each of said tubes comprising two substantiallysemi-cylindrical parts united along their longitudinal edges, andannular reinforcing members secured within the ends of said tubes andfitted upon said bosses, substantially as specified.

6. A radiator comprising upper and lower hollowr headers, a series oftubular bosses extending therefrom, relatively thin tubes associatedwith said bosses, each of said tubes comprising two substantiallysemi-cylindrical parts, flanges along the longitudinal edges of saidsemi-cylindrical parts, said semi-cylindrical parts having theircontacting flanges folded together to formlongitudinal ribs at oppositesides of said tubes, and annular reinforcing members secured inside ofthe ends thereof, and engaging the tubular bosses on said headers influid-tight relation, substantially as specified.

7. A radiator comprising relatively flat hollow upper andflower headers,a series of tubular bosses, of smaller diameter than the transversewidth of said headers, extending therefrom, relatively thin tubes havingtheir opposite ends engaging said tubular bosses in fluid-tightrelation; said tubes having an external diameter coincidingsubstantially Y with the transverse width of said headers, substantiallyas specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto affixed my signature.

Y v LOUIS COURTOT.

